Rokeach M. -1973-. The Nature Of Human Values. New York Free Press //free\\ Page

Rokeach posited that the relationship between the two is functional. For instance, if "A World at Peace" is a high-ranking terminal value, an individual might rank "Helpful" or "Forgiving" highly as instrumental values to achieve that end.

Through his research, he identified and 18 Instrumental Values . The profound implication is that human nature is universal in its building blocks; we are all playing with the same deck of cards, just arranging them in different orders. This allows for the scientific comparison of a politician, a prisoner, a student, and a factory worker on the same scale.

from the survey.

Rokeach tells us that humans operate on two distinct tracks simultaneously. This is the central structural insight of the book.

Instead of asking respondents to rate values individually on a scale (which often results in people rating all values as highly important), the RVS requires participants to the 18 terminal values and 18 instrumental values from 1 (most important) to 18 (least important). Rokeach posited that the relationship between the two

Desirable long-term life goals (e.g., Freedom, Wisdom, World Peace).

as an "enduring belief that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode". These values are organized into a value system The profound implication is that human nature is

Milton Rokeach's (1973), published by the Free Press , is a seminal psychological text that defines a value as an enduring belief that a specific "mode of conduct" or "end-state of existence" is personally or socially preferable to an opposite one.

These represent goals that a person would like to achieve during their lifetime. They are the "what" of life—the ultimate outcomes. Examples include: A world at peace Self-respect B. Instrumental Values (Modes of Conduct) Rokeach tells us that humans operate on two

"The Nature of Human Values" has had a profound and lasting impact, but it has not been without its critics. The RVS remains a foundational instrument in social psychology, but several limitations and subsequent developments are noteworthy.

Values are relatively stable over time but can shift due to profound personal or societal upheavals.